With the axle housing fixed on top of jack stands, a bent axle shaft would cause run-out as you rotated the tire. This does not, they rotate perfectly straight. With the tires fixed, sitting on top of milk crates, as shown above, the axle housing is rotated around the axle shafts. The shrinking from welding on the pads causes a short side along the bottom, which pulls the wheels inward. This pull follows the bottom (pad) side of the housing as it is rotated around. Our shrinking efforts have removed about 1/2 of the run-out, just a bit more to go.