Note that in both of Cnut's links they got the posi vs. the non-posi lengths backwards. The posi axles are the shorter of the two.
Exactly why I bought a set of Hollander Interchange Manuals, I do not trust internet sources for this kind of info. Another example of wrong info is the Sticky Rear axle Length chart on other site.
Here is something else if you are sorting through a pile of parts. The 55-56 axle bearings are smaller in diameter than 57 axle bearings. And 57 axle bearings are narrower but the same OD as 58-up bearings.